Front
Gluteus Maximus
Back
O: Ilium/Sacrum; I: Gluteal tuberosity/IT band; A: Hip extension
The strongest hip extensor, vital for climbing stairs and running.
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PT Anatomy & Kinesiology - 50 Essentials
Study physical therapy fundamentals with 50 cards covering muscles, joints, movements, and common conditions.
AnyFlashcards50 cards
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Front
Biceps Brachii
Back
O: Supraglenoid tubercle/Coracoid; I: Radial tuberosity; A: Elbow flexion/Supination
A two-joint muscle that also assists in shoulder flexion.
Front
Triceps Brachii
Back
O: Infraglenoid tubercle/Humerus; I: Olecranon process; A: Elbow extension
The primary antagonist to the biceps brachii.
Front
Rectus Femoris
Back
O: AIIS; I: Tibial tuberosity; A: Hip flexion and Knee extension
The only quadriceps muscle that crosses two joints.
Front
Gastrocnemius
Back
O: Femoral condyles; I: Calcaneus; A: Plantarflexion and Knee flexion
Forms the Achilles tendon with the soleus muscle.
Front
Latissimus Dorsi
Back
O: T7-L5/Iliac crest; I: Intertubercular groove; A: Shoulder extension/Adduction/IR
Known as the 'swimmer's muscle' for its powerful adduction.
Front
Pectoralis Major
Back
O: Clavicle/Sternum; I: Lateral lip of bicipital groove; A: Shoulder adduction/IR/Flexion
Primary muscle for pushing movements and horizontal adduction.
Front
Deltoid (Middle Fibers)
Back
O: Acromion process; I: Deltoid tuberosity; A: Shoulder abduction
Most active between 15 and 90 degrees of abduction.
Front
Supraspinatus
Back
O: Supraspinous fossa; I: Greater tubercle; A: Shoulder abduction initiation
The most commonly injured muscle of the rotator cuff.
Front
Infraspinatus
Back
O: Infraspinous fossa; I: Greater tubercle; A: Shoulder external rotation
Provides dynamic stability to the posterior glenohumeral joint.
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