Front
Concentric Muscle Action
Back
Muscle shortens while overcoming resistance
Example: The upward phase of a bicep curl.
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Personal Trainer Certification - 50 Key Concepts
Prepare for your personal training certification with 50 essential concepts covering exercise science, programming, and nutrition.
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Front
Eccentric Muscle Action
Back
Muscle lengthens under tension
Example: Lowering the weight during a squat.
Front
Isometric Muscle Action
Back
Muscle produces tension without changing length
Example: Holding a plank position.
Front
Agonist Muscle
Back
The primary muscle responsible for a movement
Example: The gluteus maximus during a hip bridge.
Front
Antagonist Muscle
Back
The muscle that opposes the prime mover
Example: The triceps during a bicep curl.
Front
Synergist Muscle
Back
A muscle that assists the prime mover
Example: The hamstrings assisting the glutes in a deadlift.
Front
Type I Muscle Fibers
Back
Slow-twitch fibers with high oxidative capacity
Used for long-duration, low-intensity activities like distance running.
Front
Type II Muscle Fibers
Back
Fast-twitch fibers for power and strength
Used for short-duration, high-intensity activities like sprinting.
Front
Sagittal Plane
Back
Divides the body into left and right halves
Includes movements like flexion and extension (e.g., lunges).
Front
Frontal Plane
Back
Divides the body into front and back halves
Includes lateral movements like side raises or jumping jacks.
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